Hearing is a complex and intricate process. The ear comprises three sections: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. These parts work together so you can hear and process sounds. The outer ear, or pinna (the part you can see), picks up sound waves and directs them into the outer ear canal.

These sound waves travel down the ear canal and hit the eardrum, which causes the eardrum to vibrate. When the eardrum vibrates, it moves three tiny bones in your middle ear. The middle ear is a small air-filled space between the eardrum and the inner ear. These bones form a chain and are called the hammer (or malleus), anvil (or incus), and stirrup (or stapes). The movement of these bones transmits and amplifies the sound waves toward the inner ear.

The third bone in the chain, the stapes, interfaces with fluid that fills the hearing portion of the inner ear — the cochlea. The cochlea is lined with cells that have thousands of tiny hairs on their surfaces. As the fluid wave travels through the cochlea, it causes the tiny hairs to move. The hairs change the mechanical wave into nerve signals. The nerve signals are then transmitted to your brain, which interprets the sound.

• Eliminate or lower unnecessary noises around you
• Let friends and family know about your hearing loss and ask them to speak slowly and more clearly
• Ask people to face you when they are speaking to you, so you can watch their faces and see their expressions
• Utilize sound amplifying devices on phones
• Use personal listening systems to reduce background noise

Tips To Maintain Hearing Health

• If you work in noisy places or commute to work in noisy traffic or construction, choose quiet leisure activities instead of noisy ones
• Develop the habit of wearing earplugs when you know you will be exposed to noise for a long time
• Earplugs can reduce the volume of sound reaching the ear to a safer level
• Try not to use several noisy machines at the same time
• Try to keep television, stereos, and headsets low in volume